---
title: You have only to whisper your wishes into the small orifice on the t… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: You have only to whisper your wishes into the small orifice on the top of the mill, and it will begin to run—you can hear its wheels buzzing and its levers creaking. Who acts: You, mill, wheels, levers. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Forging of the Sa
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Forging of the Sampo, sentence 55

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You have only to whisper your wishes into the small orifice on the top of the mill, and it will begin to run—you can hear its wheels buzzing and its levers creaking.

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**Who acts:** You, mill, wheels, levers, your · **What happens:** whisper, begin, run, hear, buzz, creak · **To what, where:** wishes, small orifice, wheels

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Forging of the Sampo. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (You, mill, wheels, levers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:11:55
# text = You have only to whisper your wishes into the small orifice on the top of the mill, and it will begin to run—you can hear its wheels buzzing and its levers creaking.
1	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
3	only	only	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	whisper	whisper	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	wishes	wish	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
8	into	into	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	orifice	orifice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
12	on	on	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	top	top	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	mill	mill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
20	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
21	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
22	begin	begin	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	_
23	to	to	PART	TO	_	24	mark	_	_
24	run	run	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	22	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	28	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	28	nsubj	_	_
27	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	28	aux	_	_
28	hear	hear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
29	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	30	nmod:poss	_	_
30	wheels	wheel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	obj	_	_
31	buzzing	buzz	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	28	xcomp	_	_
32	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
33	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	34	nmod:poss	_	_
34	levers	lever	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	35	nsubj	_	_
35	creaking	creak	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	28	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **whisper** *speech: assert* | present | You | your wishes |  | the small orifice on the top of the mill |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent wish=Topic into orifice=Recipient |
| 2 | **begin** | future | mill |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 3 | **run** | to-infinitive | mill *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **hear** | can | you | mill's wheels |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **buzz** | gerund | mill's wheels *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **creak** | gerund | mill's levers |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 7 | **wish** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom wish «feeling intransitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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