---
title: Turn the mill over, thus, and it will grind salt—salt for seasoning,… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: Turn the mill over, thus, and it will grind salt—salt for seasoning, salt for the reindeer, salt for everything. Who acts: you, mill. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Forging of the Sampo, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Forging of the Sampo, sentence 57

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Turn the mill over, thus, and it will grind salt—salt for seasoning, salt for the reindeer, salt for everything.

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**Who acts:** you, mill · **What happens:** turn over, grind · **To what, where:** mill, salt

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Forging of the Sampo. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, mill), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:11:57
# text = Turn the mill over, thus, and it will grind salt—salt for seasoning, salt for the reindeer, salt for everything.
1	Turn	turn	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	mill	mill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	over	over	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
10	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	grind	grind	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	conj	_	_
12	salt	salt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	salt	salt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
15	for	for	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	seasoning	seasoning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	salt	salt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	_
19	for	for	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	reindeer	reindeer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
23	salt	salt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	_
24	for	for	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	everything	everything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	23	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn over** | imperative | you *not said here* | the mill |  |  |  | over, thus *property* | vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent mill=Theme |
| 2 | **grind** | future | mill | salt |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP PP»: agent=Agent salt=Beneficiary salt=Product |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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