---
title: Her toothless face expanded into a smile—a smile that was grim and a… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: Her toothless face expanded into a smile—a smile that was grim and altogether ill-favored. Who acts: toothless face, smile. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Forging of the Sampo, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Forging of the Sampo, sentence 62

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Her toothless face expanded into a smile—a smile that was grim and altogether ill-favored.

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**Who acts:** toothless face, smile · **What happens:** expand, be, favor · **To what, where:** smile

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Forging of the Sampo. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (toothless face, smile), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:11:62
# text = Her toothless face expanded into a smile—a smile that was grim and altogether ill-favored.
1	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	toothless	toothless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	expanded	expand	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	smile	smile	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	smile	smile	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
11	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
12	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
13	grim	grim	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	acl:relcl	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
15	altogether	altogether	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
16	ill	ill	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	favored	favor	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **expand** | participle | Pohyola's toothless face |  |  | a smile and a smile |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | past | a smile |  |  |  |  | grim *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **favor** | participle | a smile *not said here* |  |  |  |  | altogether *property* | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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