---
title: The flames which darted up, flickering, from the half-burned fagots,… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: The flames which darted up, flickering, from the half-burned fagots, lighted her grim features and shone yellow and red upon her gray head and her flour-whitened face. Who acts: flames, burned fagots, Woman. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Forging of t
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Forging of the Sampo, sentence 83

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The flames which darted up, flickering, from the half-burned fagots, lighted her grim features and shone yellow and red upon her gray head and her flour-whitened face.

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**Who acts:** flames, burned fagots, Woman · **What happens:** dart up, flicker, burn, light, shine, whiten · **To what, where:** grim features, gray head

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Forging of the Sampo. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (flames, burned fagots, Woman), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:11:83
# text = The flames which darted up, flickering, from the half-burned fagots, lighted her grim features and shone yellow and red upon her gray head and her flour-whitened face.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	flames	flame	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	darted	dart	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	up	up	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	flickering	flicker	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
9	from	from	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
11	half	half	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing|NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac	13	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	burned	burn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	amod	_	_
14	fagots	fagot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	lighted	light	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	acl	_	_
17	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
18	grim	grim	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	features	feature	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obj	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	shone	shine	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
22	yellow	yellow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	xcomp	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	conj	_	_
25	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
26	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	28	nmod:poss	_	_
27	gray	gray	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	compound	_	_
28	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
30	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	34	nmod:poss	_	_
31	flour	flour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	31	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	whitened	whiten	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	34	amod	_	_
34	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dart up** | past | the flames |  |  |  |  | which *nsubj* | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **flicker** | gerund | the flames *not said here* |  |  |  |  | the burned fagots *parataxis* | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **burn** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | half *compound* | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **light** | participle | the burned fagots *not said here* | Woman's grim features |  |  |  |  | vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent feature=Product |
| 5 | **shine** | past | the flames *not said here* |  |  | Woman's gray head and Woman's whitened face |  | yellow *property* | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon head=Location |
| 6 | **whiten** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | flour *compound* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 7 | **feature** |  | Woman |  |  |  |  |  | nom feature «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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