---
title: As the morning of the fourth was dawning, Ilmarinen beheld on his le… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: As the morning of the fourth was dawning, Ilmarinen beheld on his left the lofty headland and pleasant shore of his native land, green with summer-leafing trees and odorous with the breath of wildflowers. Who acts: Ilmarinen. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Homesick Hero, sentence 112

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As the morning of the fourth was dawning, Ilmarinen beheld on his left the lofty headland and pleasant shore of his native land, green with summer-leafing trees and odorous with the breath of wildflowers.

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**Who acts:** Ilmarinen · **What happens:** dawn, behold, leave, leaf · **To what, where:** lofty headland

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Homesick Hero. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ilmarinen), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:12:112
# text = As the morning of the fourth was dawning, Ilmarinen beheld on his left the lofty headland and pleasant shore of his native land, green with summer-leafing trees and odorous with the breath of wildflowers.
1	As	as	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl:unmarked	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	fourth	fourth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	dawning	dawn	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	11	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
10	Ilmarinen	Ilmarinen	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
11	beheld	behold	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	on	on	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
13	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	left	leave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	advcl	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	lofty	lofty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	headland	headland	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
19	pleasant	pleasant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	shore	shore	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
22	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
23	native	native	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
26	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	parataxis	_	_
27	with	with	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
28	summer	summer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	28	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	leafing	leaf	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	31	amod	_	_
31	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	obl	_	_
32	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
33	odorous	odorous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	conj	_	_
34	with	with	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
35	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
36	breath	breath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obl	_	_
37	of	of	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
38	wildflowers	wildflower	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	36	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dawn** | past · progressive | Ilmarinen *not said here* |  |  |  | morning |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **behold** | past | Ilmarinen |  |  |  |  |  | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **leave** | past | Ilmarinen *not said here* | the lofty headland and pleasant shore of Ilmarinen's native land |  |  |  | Ilmarinen *nmod:poss* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent headland=Theme |
| 4 | **leaf** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn rummage-35.5 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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