---
title: All day he sat there, pondering, wondering how now by any makeshift… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: All day he sat there, pondering, wondering how now by any makeshift he could escape from Pohyola and return to his native land. Who acts: Ilmarinen. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Homesick Hero, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every cla
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Homesick Hero, sentence 47

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All day he sat there, pondering, wondering how now by any makeshift he could escape from Pohyola and return to his native land.

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**Who acts:** Ilmarinen · **What happens:** sit, ponder, wonder, escape, return · **To what, where:** Pohyola · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Homesick Hero. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ilmarinen), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:12:47
# text = All day he sat there, pondering, wondering how now by any makeshift he could escape from Pohyola and return to his native land.
1	All	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl:unmarked	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	pondering	ponder	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	wondering	wonder	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	conj	_	_
10	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	11	advmod	_	_
11	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	17	advmod	_	_
12	by	by	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	14	det	_	_
14	makeshift	makeshift	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
15	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
16	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
17	escape	escape	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	ccomp	_	_
18	from	from	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	Pohyola	Pohyola	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	return	return	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	conj	_	_
22	to	to	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
23	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	25	nmod:poss	_	_
24	native	native	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sit** | past | Ilmarinen |  |  | there | day |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **ponder** | gerund | Ilmarinen *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **wonder** *speech: ask* | gerund | Ilmarinen *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn care-88.1-1 «NP V what S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 4 | **escape** | could | Ilmarinen |  |  | Pohyola | now | by any makeshift | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from pohyola=Initial\_Location |
| 5 | **return** | infinitive | Ilmarinen *not said here* |  |  |  |  | to Ilmarinen's native land *result* | vn convert-26.6.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Patient to land=Result |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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