---
title: “Why do you groan so like an ice-floe breaking up at the end of wint… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: “Why do you groan so like an ice-floe breaking up at the end of winter? Who acts: you, ice floe. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Homesick Hero, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Homesick Hero, sentence 61

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“Why do you groan so like an ice-floe breaking up at the end of winter?

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**Who acts:** you, ice floe · **What happens:** groan, break up · **To what, where:** end

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Homesick Hero. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, ice floe), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:12:61
# text = “Why do you groan so like an ice-floe breaking up at the end of winter?
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
3	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	groan	groan	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	so	so	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
7	like	like	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
8	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
9	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	floe	floe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
12	breaking	break	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	11	acl	_	_
13	up	up	ADP	RP	_	12	compound:prt	_	_
14	at	at	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **groan** *in a quote* | present · do-support | you |  |  |  |  | like a ice floe | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **break up** *in a quote* | gerund | a ice floe *not said here* |  |  |  | at the end of winter |  | vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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