---
title: Then the master Smith, grimy with soot and gray with ashes, would be… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: Then the master Smith, grimy with soot and gray with ashes, would begin to tell of a hoe he had beaten out, or a gold ring he had fashioned; but ere he had spoken a dozen words his mind would wander far away to a low-roofed dwelling in the Frozen Land, and the rest of his speech would be a burning d
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Unfinished Boat, sentence 15

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then the master Smith, grimy with soot and gray with ashes, would begin to tell of a hoe he had beaten out, or a gold ring he had fashioned; but ere he had spoken a dozen words his mind would wander far away to a low-roofed dwelling in the Frozen Land, and the rest of his speech would be a burning discourse in praise of the Maid of Beauty.

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**Who acts:** master, gold ring, mind, rest · **What happens:** begin, tell, beat out, have, speak, wander · **To what, where:** hoe, ere, dozen words, Frozen Land, burning discourse, praise · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Unfinished Boat. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (master, gold ring, mind, rest), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:13:15
# text = Then the master Smith, grimy with soot and gray with ashes, would begin to tell of a hoe he had beaten out, or a gold ring he had fashioned; but ere he had spoken a dozen words his mind would wander far away to a low-roofed dwelling in the Frozen Land, and the rest of his speech would be a burning discourse in praise of the Maid of Beauty.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	15	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	master	master	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
4	Smith	Smith	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	grimy	grimy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	soot	soot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	gray	gray	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
11	with	with	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	ashes	ash	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
14	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
15	begin	begin	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
16	to	to	PART	TO	_	17	mark	_	_
17	tell	tell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	xcomp	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	hoe	hoe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
21	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	nsubj	_	_
22	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	aux	_	_
23	beaten	beat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	20	acl:relcl	_	_
24	out	out	ADP	RP	_	23	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
26	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
27	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
28	gold	gold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	compound	_	_
29	ring	ring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	nsubj	_	_
30	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	31	nsubj	_	_
31	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	ccomp	_	_
32	fashioned	fashioned	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	38	punct	_	_
34	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	38	cc	_	_
35	ere	ere	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	nsubj:pass	_	_
36	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	38	nsubj	_	_
37	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	38	aux	_	_
38	spoken	speak	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	parataxis	_	_
39	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
40	dozen	dozen	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	41	nummod	_	_
41	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	38	obj	_	_
42	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	43	nmod:poss	_	_
43	mind	mind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	45	nsubj	_	_
44	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	45	aux	_	_
45	wander	wander	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	41	acl:relcl	_	_
46	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	47	advmod	_	_
47	away	away	ADV	RB	_	45	advmod	_	_
48	to	to	SCONJ	IN	_	52	mark	_	_
49	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	52	det	_	_
50	low	low	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	52	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
51	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	50	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
52	roofed	roof	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	47	advcl	_	_
53	dwelling	dwell	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	52	xcomp	_	_
54	in	in	ADP	IN	_	57	case	_	_
55	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	57	det	_	_
56	Frozen	Frozen	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	57	compound	_	_
57	Land	Land	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	53	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
58	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	69	punct	_	_
59	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	69	cc	_	_
60	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	61	det	_	_
61	rest	rest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	69	nsubj	_	_
62	of	of	ADP	IN	_	64	case	_	_
63	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	64	nmod:poss	_	_
64	speech	speech	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	61	nmod	_	_
65	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	69	aux	_	_
66	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	69	cop	_	_
67	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	69	det	_	_
68	burning	burn	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	69	amod	_	_
69	discourse	discourse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	advcl	_	_
70	in	in	ADP	IN	_	71	case	_	_
71	praise	praise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	69	nmod	_	_
72	of	of	ADP	IN	_	74	case	_	_
73	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	74	det	_	_
74	Maid	Maid	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	71	nmod	_	_
75	of	of	ADP	IN	_	76	case	_	_
76	Beauty	Beauty	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	74	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
77	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **begin** | would | the master |  |  |  | then |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **tell** *speech: assert* | to-infinitive | the master *not said here* |  |  |  |  | of a hoe | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **beat out** | past · perfect | master | a hoe *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location hoe=Theme |
| 4 | **have** | past | a gold ring |  |  |  |  | master *nsubj*; fashioned *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **speak** *speech: other* | past · perfect · passive |  | ere |  |  |  | master *nsubj*; dozen words *obj* | tree rules |
| 6 | **wander** | would | master's mind | dozen words *not said here* |  |  |  | away *property* | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme word=Trajectory |
| 7 | **roof** | participle | master's mind *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 8 | **dwell** | gerund | master's mind *not said here* |  |  | the Frozen Land |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in land=Location |
| 9 | **burn** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 10 | **is a** | would | the rest of master's speech | a burning discourse |  | praise of the Maid of Beauty |  |  | tree rules |
| 11 | **mind** |  | master |  |  |  |  |  | nom mind «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |
| 12 | **speak** |  | master |  |  |  |  |  | nom speech «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
| 13 | **praise** |  |  | the Maid of Beauty |  |  |  |  | nom praise «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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