---
title: The bird flapped its wings, and Wainamoinen heard from far in the fo… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: The bird flapped its wings, and Wainamoinen heard from far in the forest the echo of his words, “Tuoni! Who acts: bird, Wainamoinen. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Unfinished Boat, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Unfinished Boat, sentence 153

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The bird flapped its wings, and Wainamoinen heard from far in the forest the echo of his words, “Tuoni!

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**Who acts:** bird, Wainamoinen · **What happens:** flap, hear, word · **To what, where:** wings, echo, forest

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Unfinished Boat. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bird, Wainamoinen), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:13:153
# text = The bird flapped its wings, and Wainamoinen heard from far in the forest the echo of his words, “Tuoni!
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	flapped	flap	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	wings	wing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	Wainamoinen	Wainamoinen	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
10	from	from	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	9	obl	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	forest	forest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	echo	echo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
21	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	Tuoni	Tuoni	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **flap** | past | the bird | Return's wings |  |  |  |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wing=Patient |
| 2 | **hear** | past | Wainamoinen | the echo of Wainamoinen's words |  | the forest |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent echo=Topic from far=Source |
| 3 | **word** |  | Wainamoinen |  |  |  |  |  | nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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