---
title: “Now, sing to us your newest song, sweetest of minstrels,” the young… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: “Now, sing to us your newest song, sweetest of minstrels,” the younger hero would say as they sat together beside the evening fire. Who acts: you, younger hero, heroes, your. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Unfinished Boat, with its dependency tree and
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Unfinished Boat, sentence 16

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“Now, sing to us your newest song, sweetest of minstrels,” the younger hero would say as they sat together beside the evening fire.

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**Who acts:** you, younger hero, heroes, your · **What happens:** sing, say, sit · **To what, where:** newest song, us, evening fire · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Unfinished Boat. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, younger hero, heroes, your), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:13:16
# text = “Now, sing to us your newest song, sweetest of minstrels,” the younger hero would say as they sat together beside the evening fire.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	sing	sing	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	obl	_	_
7	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
8	newest	new	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	9	amod	_	_
9	song	song	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	sweetest	sweet	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	4	conj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	minstrels	minstrel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	younger	young	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	18	amod	_	_
18	hero	hero	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
19	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
20	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	parataxis	_	_
21	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	23	mark	_	_
22	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	nsubj	_	_
23	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	ccomp	_	_
24	together	together	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
25	beside	beside	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
27	evening	evening	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	compound	_	_
28	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sing** *speech: express* *in a quote* | imperative | you *not said here* | your newest song | us |  | now |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent song=Topic to we=Recipient |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | would | the younger hero |  |  |  |  | of minstrels | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **sit** | past | heroes *= hero* |  |  | the evening fire |  | together *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent beside fire=Location |
| 4 | **sing** *in a quote* |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom song «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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