---
title: In a cave on the hillside there dwelt a brown dwarf, the last of the… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: In a cave on the hillside there dwelt a brown dwarf, the last of the ancient race of earth men. Who acts: earth men. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Unfinished Boat, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Unfinished Boat, sentence 49

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In a cave on the hillside there dwelt a brown dwarf, the last of the ancient race of earth men.

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**Who acts:** earth men · **What happens:** dwell, race · **To what, where:** brown dwarf, cave

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Unfinished Boat. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (earth men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:13:49
# text = In a cave on the hillside there dwelt a brown dwarf, the last of the ancient race of earth men.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	cave	cave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	hillside	hillside	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	8	advmod	_	_
8	dwelt	dwell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	brown	brown	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	dwarf	dwarf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	ancient	ancient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	race	race	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	compound	_	_
21	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dwell** | past |  | a brown dwarf |  | a cave on the hillside; there |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme dwarf=Location |
| 2 | **race** |  | earth men |  |  |  |  |  | nom race «event intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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