---
title: “Why so rough, good Sampsa?” asked the tree, bowing its head and ben… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: “Why so rough, good Sampsa?” asked the tree, bowing its head and bending before the little master. Who acts: rough good Sampsa. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Unfinished Boat, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Unfinished Boat, sentence 74

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
“Why so rough, good Sampsa?” asked the tree, bowing its head and bending before the little master.

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**Who acts:** rough good Sampsa · **What happens:** ask, bow, bend · **To what, where:** tree, head, little master

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Unfinished Boat. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (rough good Sampsa), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:13:74
# text = “Why so rough, good Sampsa?” asked the tree, bowing its head and bending before the little master.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
3	so	so	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	rough	rough	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	Sampsa	Sampsa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
10	asked	ask	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	bowing	bow	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	advcl	_	_
15	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	bending	bend	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	14	conj	_	_
19	before	before	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
21	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	master	master	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past | rough good Sampsa | the tree |  |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent tree=Recipient |
| 2 | **bow** | gerund | rough good Sampsa *not said here* | axe's head |  |  |  |  | vn curtsey-40.3.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent head=Topic |
| 3 | **bend** | gerund | rough good Sampsa *not said here* |  |  | the little master |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent before master=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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