---
title: “Good-morning, friendly oak tree!” said Sampsa; and a tremor of joy… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: “Good-morning, friendly oak tree!” said Sampsa; and a tremor of joy ran through every leaf and branch as the noble tree answered, “Good-morning, master!” Who acts: Sampsa, tremor, noble tree, joy. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Unfinished Boat, with i
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Unfinished Boat, sentence 88

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“Good-morning, friendly oak tree!” said Sampsa; and a tremor of joy ran through every leaf and branch as the noble tree answered, “Good-morning, master!”

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**Who acts:** Sampsa, tremor, noble tree, joy · **What happens:** say, run, answer, tremor · **To what, where:** leaf · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Unfinished Boat. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sampsa, tremor, noble tree, joy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:13:88
# text = “Good-morning, friendly oak tree!” said Sampsa; and a tremor of joy ran through every leaf and branch as the noble tree answered, “Good-morning, master!”
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	friendly	friendly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
7	oak	oak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
11	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	Sampsa	Sampsa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	tremor	tremor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	joy	joy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	_
19	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	conj	_	_
20	through	through	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	22	det	_	_
22	leaf	leaf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	branch	branch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	conj	_	_
25	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	29	mark	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
27	noble	noble	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
28	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nsubj	_	_
29	answered	answer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
31	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	34	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	Good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	34	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	32	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
36	master	master	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	36	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	34	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Sampsa |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **run** | past | a tremor of joy |  |  | every leaf and branch |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through leaf=Trajectory |
| 3 | **answer** *speech: assert* | past | the noble tree |  |  |  | morning |  | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **tremor** |  | joy |  |  |  |  |  | nom tremor «act intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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