---
title: With the courage of despair, Wainamoinen leaped into the dark water… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: With the courage of despair, Wainamoinen leaped into the dark water and swam with hasty, sturdy strokes toward the shore of safety. Who acts: Wainamoinen. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Hag of the Rock, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of e
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Hag of the Rock, sentence 59

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With the courage of despair, Wainamoinen leaped into the dark water and swam with hasty, sturdy strokes toward the shore of safety.

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**Who acts:** Wainamoinen · **What happens:** leap, swim · **To what, where:** dark water

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Hag of the Rock. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Wainamoinen), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:15:59
# text = With the courage of despair, Wainamoinen leaped into the dark water and swam with hasty, sturdy strokes toward the shore of safety.
1	With	with	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	courage	courage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	despair	despair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
7	Wainamoinen	Wainamoinen	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	leaped	leap	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	into	into	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	swam	swim	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
15	with	with	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
16	hasty	hasty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
18	sturdy	sturdy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	strokes	stroke	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	_
20	toward	toward	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	shore	shore	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	safety	safety	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leap** | past | Wainamoinen |  |  | the dark water |  | with the courage of despair | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into water=Destination |
| 2 | **swim** | past | Wainamoinen *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with hasty sturdy strokes toward the shore of safety | vn swarm-47.5.1-1 «PP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with stroke=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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