---
title: For surely I have been in dreadful places, I have seen dreadful sigh… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: For surely I have been in dreadful places, I have seen dreadful sights, I have suffered dreadful hardships.” Who acts: I. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Hero’s Return, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Hero’s Return, sentence 35

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For surely I have been in dreadful places, I have seen dreadful sights, I have suffered dreadful hardships.”

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**Who acts:** I · **What happens:** be, see, suffer · **To what, where:** dreadful sights, dreadful hardships

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Hero’s Return. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:16:35
# text = For surely I have been in dreadful places, I have seen dreadful sights, I have suffered dreadful hardships.”
1	For	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
2	surely	surely	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
3	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
4	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
5	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	8	cop	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	dreadful	dreadful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	places	place	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
10	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
11	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	seen	see	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
13	dreadful	dreadful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	sights	sight	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
17	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
18	suffered	suffer	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	12	conj	_	_
19	dreadful	dreadful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	hardships	hardship	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present · perfect | I |  |  |  |  | for dreadful places; surely *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **see** | present · perfect | I | dreadful sights |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer sight=Stimulus |
| 3 | **suffer** | present · perfect | I | dreadful hardships |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer hardship=Stimulus |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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