---
title: He lay motionless and silent, gazing steadfastly into the heavens an… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: He lay motionless and silent, gazing steadfastly into the heavens and framing new thoughts of beauty and power to add to the treasures of wisdom that were in his keeping. Who acts: giant, wisdom. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Wisdom Keeper, with its 
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Wisdom Keeper, sentence 85

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He lay motionless and silent, gazing steadfastly into the heavens and framing new thoughts of beauty and power to add to the treasures of wisdom that were in his keeping.

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**Who acts:** giant, wisdom · **What happens:** lie, gaze, frame, add, keep, think · **To what, where:** new thoughts, beauty, wisdom

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Wisdom Keeper. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (giant, wisdom), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:17:85
# text = He lay motionless and silent, gazing steadfastly into the heavens and framing new thoughts of beauty and power to add to the treasures of wisdom that were in his keeping.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	lay	lie	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	motionless	motionless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	silent	silent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	gazing	gaze	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
8	steadfastly	steadfastly	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
9	into	into	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	heavens	heaven	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	framing	frame	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	conj	_	_
14	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	thoughts	thought	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obj	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	beauty	beauty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	power	power	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	_
20	to	to	PART	TO	_	21	mark	_	_
21	add	add	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	advcl	_	_
22	to	to	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	treasures	treasure	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	obl	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	wisdom	wisdom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	_
27	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	31	nsubj	_	_
28	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	31	aux	_	_
29	in	in	SCONJ	IN	_	31	mark	_	_
30	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Gender=Masc|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	31	nsubj	_	_
31	keeping	keep	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	26	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lie** | past | giant |  |  |  |  | motionless *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **gaze** | gerund | giant *not said here* |  |  |  |  | into the heavens; steadfastly *property* | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent into heaven=Theme |
| 3 | **frame** | gerund | giant *not said here* | new thoughts of beauty and power |  |  |  |  | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent thought=Destination |
| 4 | **add** *speech: assert* | to-infinitive | giant *not said here* |  |  |  |  | to the treasures of wisdom | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle PP»: agent=Patient to treasure=Co-Patient |
| 5 | **keep** | past · progressive | wisdom |  |  |  |  | giant *nsubj* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **think** |  |  | beauty and power |  |  |  |  | nom thought «cognition transitive»: of=patient |
| 7 | **treasure** |  |  | wisdom |  |  |  |  | nom treasure «possession transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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