---
title: “O little ship,” he said, “wherefore are you so crude, so rough, so… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: “O little ship,” he said, “wherefore are you so crude, so rough, so ill-finished? Who acts: Minstrel, you. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Launching, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Launching, sentence 23

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“O little ship,” he said, “wherefore are you so crude, so rough, so ill-finished?

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**Who acts:** Minstrel, you · **What happens:** say, be, finish · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Launching. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Minstrel, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:18:23
# text = “O little ship,” he said, “wherefore are you so crude, so rough, so ill-finished?
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	O	o	INTJ	UH	_	3	discourse	_	_
3	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	ship	ship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
10	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	wherefore	wherefore	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	15	advmod	_	_
12	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
13	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
14	so	so	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
15	crude	crude	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	so	so	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
18	rough	rough	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
20	so	so	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
21	ill	ill	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	finished	finish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: ask* | past | Minstrel |  |  |  |  | little ship *ccomp* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** *in a quote* | present | you |  |  |  |  | crude, wherefore *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **be** *in a quote* |  | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **finish** *in a quote* | participle | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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