---
title: As the magic boat speeded onward, cutting the waves with its gilded… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: As the magic boat speeded onward, cutting the waves with its gilded prow and dashing the white spray to left and right, the Minstrel’s heart glowed with joy and pride. Who acts: heart. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Launching, with its dependency tree
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Launching, sentence 44

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As the magic boat speeded onward, cutting the waves with its gilded prow and dashing the white spray to left and right, the Minstrel’s heart glowed with joy and pride.

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**Who acts:** heart · **What happens:** speede, cut, gild, dash, glow · **To what, where:** magic boat, waves, white spray

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Launching. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (heart), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:18:44
# text = As the magic boat speeded onward, cutting the waves with its gilded prow and dashing the white spray to left and right, the Minstrel’s heart glowed with joy and pride.
1	As	as	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	magic	magic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	boat	boat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obl	_	_
5	speeded	speede	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
6	onward	onward	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	cutting	cut	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	advcl	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	waves	wave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
11	with	with	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
13	gilded	gild	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	amod	_	_
14	prow	prow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	dashing	dash	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	conj	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	spray	spray	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
20	to	to	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	left	left	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	obl	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	Minstrel	Minstrel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	’s	's	PART	POS	_	26	case	_	_
28	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nsubj	_	_
29	glowed	glow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
30	with	with	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	joy	joy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obl	_	_
32	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
33	pride	pride	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	29	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speede** | participle |  | the magic boat *not said here* |  |  |  | onward *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **cut** | gerund |  | the waves |  |  |  | with boat's gilded prow | vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wave=Patient with prow=Instrument |
| 3 | **gild** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **dash** | gerund |  | the white spray |  |  |  | to left *result* | vn hit-18.1 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Agent spray=Patient to left=Result |
| 5 | **glow** | participle | the Minstrel's heart |  |  |  |  | as the magic boat; with joy and pride | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with joy=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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