---
title: “Truly do I know you,” answered the Minstrel; and, pulling in his oa… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: “Truly do I know you,” answered the Minstrel; and, pulling in his oar, he dropped it with a crash upon the deck. Who acts: Minstrel. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Maid of the Morning, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Maid of the Morning, sentence 23

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“Truly do I know you,” answered the Minstrel; and, pulling in his oar, he dropped it with a crash upon the deck.

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**Who acts:** Minstrel · **What happens:** know, answer, pull, drop · **To what, where:** you, oar · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Maid of the Morning. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Minstrel), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:19:23
# text = “Truly do I know you,” answered the Minstrel; and, pulling in his oar, he dropped it with a crash upon the deck.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Truly	truly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
3	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	know	know	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	ccomp	_	_
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
9	answered	answer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	Minstrel	Minstrel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	pulling	pull	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	21	ccomp	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	oar	oar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
20	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
21	dropped	drop	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
22	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	obj	_	_
23	with	with	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	crash	crash	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	_
26	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	deck	deck	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **know** *in a quote* | present · do-support | the Minstrel *= minstrel* | you |  |  |  | truly *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer you=Stimulus |
| 2 | **answer** *speech: assert* | past | the Minstrel |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **pull** | gerund | Minstrel *not said here* |  |  | Minstrel's oar |  |  | vn slide-11.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **drop** | past | Minstrel | oar |  |  |  | with a crash upon the deck | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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