---
title: Minstrels from the earliest times have sung of its power, and all th… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: Minstrels from the earliest times have sung of its power, and all the wizards of the North have tried their spells, hoping to make something equally precious and potent. Who acts: wizards. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Mistress and Minstrel, with its dep
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/2/116/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old No…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/) / [Mistress and Minstrel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/2/) / 116

# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, Mistress and Minstrel, sentence 116

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Minstrels from the earliest times have sung of its power, and all the wizards of the North have tried their spells, hoping to make something equally precious and potent.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** wizards · **What happens:** sing, try, hope, make, spell · **To what, where:** Minstrels, wizards, something

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Mistress and Minstrel. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wizards), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:2:116
# text = Minstrels from the earliest times have sung of its power, and all the wizards of the North have tried their spells, hoping to make something equally precious and potent.
1	Minstrels	minstrel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	earliest	early	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	5	amod	_	_
5	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	_
6	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	sung	sing	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	power	power	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
13	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	15	det:predet	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	wizards	wizard	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	nsubj:pass	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	North	North	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
19	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
20	tried	try	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	conj	_	_
21	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	spells	spell	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
24	hoping	hope	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	20	advcl	_	_
25	to	to	PART	TO	_	26	mark	_	_
26	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	24	xcomp	_	_
27	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	26	obj	_	_
28	equally	equally	ADV	RB	_	29	advmod	_	_
29	precious	precious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
31	potent	potent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sing** *speech: express* | present · perfect · passive |  | Minstrels from the earliest times |  |  |  | of Sampo's power | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **try** | present · perfect · passive |  | all wizards of the North |  |  |  | wizards's spells *obj* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Experiencer spell=Result |
| 3 | **hope** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn long-32.2 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 4 | **make** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset something=Product |
| 5 | **spell** |  | wizards *= wizard* |  |  |  |  |  | nom spell «state transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [sentence 115](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/2/115/)
- next →: [sentence 117](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/2/117/)
- ↑ back to [Mistress and Minstrel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/2/)