---
title: The cries grew louder, the calls were more frequent as she urged her… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: The cries grew louder, the calls were more frequent as she urged her boat forward over the sullen, icy-cold waves. Who acts: cries, calls, sun. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Mistress and Minstrel, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clau
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, Mistress and Minstrel, sentence 47

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The cries grew louder, the calls were more frequent as she urged her boat forward over the sullen, icy-cold waves.

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**Who acts:** cries, calls, sun · **What happens:** grow, be, urge · **To what, where:** boat, sullen cold waves

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Mistress and Minstrel. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cries, calls, sun), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:2:47
# text = The cries grew louder, the calls were more frequent as she urged her boat forward over the sullen, icy-cold waves.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cries	cry	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	grew	grow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	louder	loud	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	calls	call	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
8	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
9	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	10	advmod	_	_
10	frequent	frequent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	parataxis	_	_
11	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
12	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	urged	urge	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	advcl	_	_
14	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	boat	boat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
16	forward	forward	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
17	over	over	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
19	sullen	sullen	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
21	icy	icy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	waves	wave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | past | the cries |  |  |  |  | loud *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | past | the calls |  |  |  |  | frequent *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **urge** | past | sun | sun's boat |  | the sullen cold waves |  | forward *property* | vn urge-58.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent boat=Recipient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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