---
title: Out of doors the sun was shining; by the window a cuckoo was calling… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: Out of doors the sun was shining; by the window a cuckoo was calling; in the air sweet voices were sounding. Who acts: sun, cuckoo, sweet voices. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Unexpected Journey, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every c
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/20/106/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old No…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/) / [The Unexpected Journey](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/20/) / 106

# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Unexpected Journey, sentence 106

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Out of doors the sun was shining; by the window a cuckoo was calling; in the air sweet voices were sounding.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** sun, cuckoo, sweet voices · **What happens:** shine, call, sound · **To what, where:** doors, air · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Unexpected Journey. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sun, cuckoo, sweet voices), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:20:106
# text = Out of doors the sun was shining; by the window a cuckoo was calling; in the air sweet voices were sounding.
1	Out	out	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	doors	door	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	shining	shine	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	window	window	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	cuckoo	cuckoo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
14	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
15	calling	call	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	_
20	sweet	sweet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	voices	voice	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	nsubj	_	_
22	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	aux	_	_
23	sounding	sound	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shine** | past · progressive | the sun |  |  | doors |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme out door=Location |
| 2 | **call** | past · progressive | a cuckoo |  |  |  |  | by the window | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **sound** | past · progressive | sweet voices |  |  | the air |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in air=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [sentence 105](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/20/105/)
- next →: [sentence 107](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/20/107/)
- ↑ back to [The Unexpected Journey](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/20/)