---
title: The waves of the sea rippled with joy upon the sands, and the very s… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: The waves of the sea rippled with joy upon the sands, and the very stars in the sky twinkled and danced as the enchanted sledge glided like a swift meteor toward the frozen North Country. Who acts: waves, stars. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Unexpect
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Unexpected Journey, sentence 157

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The waves of the sea rippled with joy upon the sands, and the very stars in the sky twinkled and danced as the enchanted sledge glided like a swift meteor toward the frozen North Country.

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**Who acts:** waves, stars · **What happens:** ripple, twinkle, dance, enchant, glide, freeze · **To what, where:** sands, enchanted sledge, sea

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Unexpected Journey. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (waves, stars), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:20:157
# text = The waves of the sea rippled with joy upon the sands, and the very stars in the sky twinkled and danced as the enchanted sledge glided like a swift meteor toward the frozen North Country.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	waves	wave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	rippled	ripple	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	joy	joy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
9	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	sands	sand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	very	very	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
16	stars	star	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	nsubj	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	sky	sky	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	_
20	twinkled	twinkle	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	danced	dance	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	conj	_	_
23	as	as	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
25	enchanted	enchant	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	26	amod	_	_
26	sledge	sledge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	_
27	glided	glide	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	26	acl	_	_
28	like	like	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
29	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
30	swift	swift	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	amod	_	_
31	meteor	meteor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	_
32	toward	toward	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
34	frozen	freeze	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	36	amod	_	_
35	North	North	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	36	compound	_	_
36	Country	Country	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	31	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ripple** | past | the waves of the sea |  |  | the sands |  | with joy | vn entity\_specific\_modes\_being-47.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon sand=Location |
| 2 | **twinkle** | past | the stars in the sky |  |  |  |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **dance** | past | the stars in the sky *not said here* |  |  |  |  | as the enchanted sledge | vn modes\_of\_being\_with\_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **enchant** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 5 | **glide** | participle |  | the enchanted sledge *not said here* |  |  |  | like a swift meteor toward the frozen North Country | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **freeze** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 7 | **wave** |  |  | the sea |  |  |  |  | nom wave «event transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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