---
title: And the Minstrel, standing at the prow of his fairy vessel, shouted… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: And the Minstrel, standing at the prow of his fairy vessel, shouted words of magic to the winds and waves, while he too prayed for guidance and help. Who acts: Minstrel. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Friendly Rivals, with its dependency tree and the 
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Friendly Rivals, sentence 55

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And the Minstrel, standing at the prow of his fairy vessel, shouted words of magic to the winds and waves, while he too prayed for guidance and help.

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**Who acts:** Minstrel · **What happens:** stand, shout, pray, word · **To what, where:** prow, magic

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Friendly Rivals. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Minstrel), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:21:55
# text = And the Minstrel, standing at the prow of his fairy vessel, shouted words of magic to the winds and waves, while he too prayed for guidance and help.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	Minstrel	Minstrel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	standing	stand	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	acl	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	prow	prow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
11	fairy	fairy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	vessel	vessel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	shouted	shout	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	amod	_	_
15	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	appos	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	magic	magic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
18	to	to	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	winds	wind	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nmod	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	waves	wave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
24	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	27	mark	_	_
25	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	nsubj	_	_
26	too	too	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	_
27	prayed	pray	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
28	for	for	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	guidance	guidance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
31	help	help	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	27	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand** | gerund | the Minstrel *not said here* |  |  | the prow of Minstrel's fairy vessel |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent at prow=Location |
| 2 | **shout** *speech: express* | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **pray** | past | the Minstrel |  |  |  |  | for guidance and help | vn long-32.2 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Pivot for guidance=Theme |
| 4 | **word** |  |  | magic |  |  |  | to the winds and waves | nom word «communication transitive»: of=patient to=obl |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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