---
title: Very ugly she was, toothless and grim, wrinkled with age and altoget… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: Very ugly she was, toothless and grim, wrinkled with age and altogether unlovely. Who acts: ice. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Barking Dogs, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Barking Dogs, sentence 8

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Very ugly she was, toothless and grim, wrinkled with age and altogether unlovely.

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**Who acts:** ice · **What happens:** be, wrinkle

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Barking Dogs. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ice), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:22:8
# text = Very ugly she was, toothless and grim, wrinkled with age and altogether unlovely.
1	Very	very	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	ugly	ugly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
3	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	toothless	toothless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	grim	grim	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	wrinkled	wrinkle	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	conj	_	_
11	with	with	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	age	age	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	altogether	altogether	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
15	unlovely	unlovely	ADV	RB	_	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | ice |  |  |  |  | toothless *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | ice *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **wrinkle** | participle | ice *not said here* |  |  |  | with age |  | vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent with age=Instrument |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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