---
title: “I do believe it is that old, old Minstrel from the Land of Heroes,”… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: “I do believe it is that old, old Minstrel from the Land of Heroes,” said the Mistress in tones of surprise. Who acts: Mistress, prow. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Old Man’s Wooing, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Old Man’s Wooing, sentence 11

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“I do believe it is that old, old Minstrel from the Land of Heroes,” said the Mistress in tones of surprise.

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**Who acts:** Mistress, prow · **What happens:** believe, be, say, intonate · **To what, where:** old old Minstrel, Land, surprise · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Old Man’s Wooing. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mistress, prow), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:23:11
# text = “I do believe it is that old, old Minstrel from the Land of Heroes,” said the Mistress in tones of surprise.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	believe	believe	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	ccomp	_	_
5	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
7	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
8	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
10	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	Minstrel	Minstrel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	xcomp	_	_
12	from	from	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	Land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	Heroes	hero	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
19	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	Mistress	mistress	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
22	in	in	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	tones	tone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	nmod	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	surprise	surprise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	19	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **believe** *in a quote* | present · do-support | the Mistress *= mistress* |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | prow | old old Minstrel |  | the Land of Heroes |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the Mistress |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **intonate** |  |  | surprise |  |  |  |  | nom tone «communication transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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