---
title: And wise Dame Louhi spoke harshly, gruffly, as one who has never bee… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: And wise Dame Louhi spoke harshly, gruffly, as one who has never been defeated or denied. Who acts: wise Dame. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Great Pike, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Great Pike, sentence 10

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And wise Dame Louhi spoke harshly, gruffly, as one who has never been defeated or denied.

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**Who acts:** wise Dame · **What happens:** speak, not defeat, deny · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Great Pike. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wise Dame), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:25:10
# text = And wise Dame Louhi spoke harshly, gruffly, as one who has never been defeated or denied.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	wise	wise	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	Dame	Dame	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	Louhi	Louhi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
5	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	harshly	harshly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	gruffly	gruffly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	as	as	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	obl	_	_
12	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	16	nsubj:pass	_	_
13	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
14	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	16	advmod	_	_
15	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	16	aux:pass	_	_
16	defeated	defeat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	parataxis	_	_
17	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	denied	deny	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | wise Dame |  |  |  |  | as one; gruffly, harshly *property* | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **not** **defeat** | present · perfect · passive |  |  |  |  |  | who *nsubj:pass* | tree rules |
| 3 | **deny** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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