---
title: “I thought I heard the North Wind blowing, a pine tree falling in th… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: “I thought I heard the North Wind blowing, a pine tree falling in the forest, the billows roaring and the breakers beating. Who acts: I, North Wind, pine tree, billows. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Wedding Feast, with its dependency tree and the pra
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Wedding Feast, sentence 55

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“I thought I heard the North Wind blowing, a pine tree falling in the forest, the billows roaring and the breakers beating.

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**Who acts:** I, North Wind, pine tree, billows, breakers · **What happens:** think, hear, blow, fall, roar, beat · **To what, where:** North Wind, forest · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Wedding Feast. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, North Wind, pine tree, billows), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:27:55
# text = “I thought I heard the North Wind blowing, a pine tree falling in the forest, the billows roaring and the breakers beating.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	thought	think	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	North	North	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	Wind	Wind	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
9	blowing	blow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	pine	pine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	appos	_	_
14	falling	fall	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	13	acl	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	forest	forest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	billows	billow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	_
21	roaring	roar	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	20	acl	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	breakers	breaker	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	nsubj	_	_
25	beating	beat	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	21	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **think** *speech: other* *in a quote* | past | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **hear** *in a quote* | past | I | the North Wind and the billows |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer wind=Stimulus |
| 3 | **blow** *in a quote* | gerund | the North Wind and the billows *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **fall** *in a quote* | gerund | a pine tree *not said here* |  |  | the forest |  |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in forest=Location |
| 5 | **roar** *in a quote* | gerund | the billows *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **beat** *in a quote* | gerund | the breakers |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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