---
title: Surely he can drive them to the hill pastures and the marshes, he ca… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: Surely he can drive them to the hill pastures and the marshes, he can watch them while they graze, he can keep them from wandering in the woods and thickets.” Who acts: Kullervo, hill, cattle. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Slave Boy, with its depende
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Slave Boy, sentence 22

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Surely he can drive them to the hill pastures and the marshes, he can watch them while they graze, he can keep them from wandering in the woods and thickets.”

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**Who acts:** Kullervo, hill, cattle · **What happens:** drive, pasture, watch, graze, keep, wonder · **To what, where:** cattle, woods

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Slave Boy. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Kullervo, hill, cattle), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:29:22
# text = Surely he can drive them to the hill pastures and the marshes, he can watch them while they graze, he can keep them from wandering in the woods and thickets.”
1	Surely	surely	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	drive	drive	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	_
6	to	to	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	hill	hill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	pastures	pasture	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	marshes	marsh	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
15	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
16	watch	watch	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	parataxis	_	_
17	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	obj	_	_
18	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
19	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
20	graze	graze	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	24	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
22	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
23	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
24	keep	keep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	parataxis	_	_
25	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	obj	_	_
26	from	from	SCONJ	IN	_	27	mark	_	_
27	wandering	wonder	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	24	advcl	_	_
28	in	in	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	woods	wood	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	obl	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
32	thickets	thicket	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	30	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drive** | can | Kullervo | cattle |  |  |  | surely *property* | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
| 2 | **pasture** | present | the hill |  |  |  |  | the marshes *conj* | vn pocket-9.10 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **watch** | can | Kullervo | cattle |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
| 4 | **graze** | present | cattle |  |  |  |  |  | vn dine-39.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **keep** | can | Kullervo | cattle |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
| 6 | **wonder** *speech: ask* | gerund | Kullervo *not said here* |  |  | the woods and thickets |  |  | vn care-88.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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