---
title: Suddenly the sound of the slave boy’s whistle—the herdsman’s whistle… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: Suddenly the sound of the slave boy’s whistle—the herdsman’s whistle—aroused and startled them. Who acts: sound, slave boy, herdsman. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, A Dreadful Vengeance, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, A Dreadful Vengeance, sentence 5

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Suddenly the sound of the slave boy’s whistle—the herdsman’s whistle—aroused and startled them.

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**Who acts:** sound, slave boy, herdsman · **What happens:** arouse, startle, whistle · **To what, where:** whistle, wife

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, A Dreadful Vengeance. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sound, slave boy, herdsman), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:30:5
# text = Suddenly the sound of the slave boy’s whistle—the herdsman’s whistle—aroused and startled them.
1	Suddenly	suddenly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	slave	slave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	’s	's	PART	POS	_	7	case	_	_
9	whistle	whistle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	herdsman	herdsman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	’s	's	PART	POS	_	12	case	_	_
14	whistle	whistle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	aroused	arouse	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	acl	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
18	startled	startle	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
19	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	18	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **arouse** | participle |  | the herdsman's whistle *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **startle** | past | the sound of the slave boy's whistle | wife |  |  |  | the herdsman's whistle *nsubj* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus they=Experiencer |
| 3 | **whistle** |  | the slave boy |  |  |  |  |  | nom whistle «event intransitive»: poss=agent |
| 4 | **whistle** |  | the herdsman |  |  |  |  |  | nom whistle «event intransitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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