---
title: For hours and hours he toiled, till the sweat poured in torrents fro… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: For hours and hours he toiled, till the sweat poured in torrents from his brow, and his hands were blistered and his fingers cramped with grasping the long, unyielding lever of iron. Who acts: man, fingers. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Golden Maiden
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Golden Maiden, sentence 77

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For hours and hours he toiled, till the sweat poured in torrents from his brow, and his hands were blistered and his fingers cramped with grasping the long, unyielding lever of iron.

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**Who acts:** man, fingers · **What happens:** toil, pour, blister, cramp, grasp · **To what, where:** sweat, torrents, hands, long unyielding lever

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Golden Maiden. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man, fingers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:31:77
# text = For hours and hours he toiled, till the sweat poured in torrents from his brow, and his hands were blistered and his fingers cramped with grasping the long, unyielding lever of iron.
1	For	for	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	hours	hour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	hours	hour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
5	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	toiled	toil	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	till	till	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	sweat	sweat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
11	poured	pour	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	acl	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	torrents	torrent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	_
14	from	from	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	brow	brow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
19	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	nsubj:pass	_	_
21	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	aux:pass	_	_
22	blistered	blister	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	parataxis	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
24	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	25	nmod:poss	_	_
25	fingers	finger	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	nsubj	_	_
26	cramped	cramp	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	conj	_	_
27	with	with	SCONJ	IN	_	28	mark	_	_
28	grasping	grasp	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	26	advcl	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
30	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	33	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
32	unyielding	unyielding	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	33	amod	_	_
33	lever	lever	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obj	_	_
34	of	of	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
35	iron	iron	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **toil** | past | man |  |  |  | till the sweat; hour |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **pour** | participle |  | the sweat *not said here* |  | torrents |  | from man's brow | vn substance\_emission-43.4-1 «NP.theme V PP.source»: agent=Theme from brow=Source |
| 3 | **blister** | past · passive |  | man's hands |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **cramp** | past | man's fingers |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **grasp** | gerund | man's fingers *not said here* | the long unyielding lever of iron |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer lever=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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