---
title: His eyes wandered onward to the ruined farmhouse, and past it to the… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: His eyes wandered onward to the ruined farmhouse, and past it to the smokeless smithy which had once been the joy and the pride of the hero, Ilmarinen. Who acts: eyes, smokeless smithy. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Famine, with its dependency tree a
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Famine, sentence 10

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His eyes wandered onward to the ruined farmhouse, and past it to the smokeless smithy which had once been the joy and the pride of the hero, Ilmarinen.

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**Who acts:** eyes, smokeless smithy · **What happens:** wander, ruin, have, be, pride · **To what, where:** ruined farmhouse, joy, hero

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Famine. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (eyes, smokeless smithy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:32:10
# text = His eyes wandered onward to the ruined farmhouse, and past it to the smokeless smithy which had once been the joy and the pride of the hero, Ilmarinen.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	wandered	wander	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	onward	onward	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	ruined	ruin	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	amod	_	_
8	farmhouse	farmhouse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	past	past	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	_
13	to	to	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	smokeless	smokeless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	smithy	smithy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
17	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	18	nsubj	_	_
18	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	acl:relcl	_	_
19	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	22	advmod	_	_
20	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	22	cop	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	joy	joy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	pride	pride	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	conj	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	hero	hero	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
30	Ilmarinen	Ilmarinen	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wander** | past | cattle's eyes |  |  | the ruined farmhouse |  | past farmhouse; to the smokeless smithy; onward *property* | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to farmhouse=Destination |
| 2 | **ruin** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **have** | past | the smokeless smithy |  |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is a** | participle |  | the joy and the pride of the hero |  |  |  | the pride of the hero *conj*; Ilmarinen *appos*; once *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **pride** |  |  | the hero |  |  |  |  | nom pride «feeling transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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