---
title: In the sea the fishes had fled to other waters, leaving the fisherme… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: In the sea the fishes had fled to other waters, leaving the fishermen to toil in vain. Who acts: fishermen. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Famine, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Famine, sentence 5

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In the sea the fishes had fled to other waters, leaving the fishermen to toil in vain.

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**Who acts:** fishermen · **What happens:** flee, leave, toil · **To what, where:** fishes, sea, fishermen, vain

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Famine. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (fishermen), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:32:5
# text = In the sea the fishes had fled to other waters, leaving the fishermen to toil in vain.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	fishes	fish	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
6	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	fled	flee	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	waters	water	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	leaving	leave	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	advcl	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	fishermen	fisherman	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	_
15	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
16	toil	toil	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	xcomp	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	vain	vain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **flee** | past · perfect · passive |  | the fishes |  | the sea |  | to other waters | tree rules |
| 2 | **leave** | gerund |  | the fishermen |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **toil** | to-infinitive | the fishermen *not said here* |  |  | vain |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in vain=Trajectory |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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