---
title: “O thou lively Ahti,” then cried the Minstrel, “lean far over the gu… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: “O thou lively Ahti,” then cried the Minstrel, “lean far over the gunwales and look below. Who acts: lively Ahti. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Kantele, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/34/12/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old No…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/) / [The Kantele](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/34/) / 12

# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Kantele, sentence 12

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
“O thou lively Ahti,” then cried the Minstrel, “lean far over the gunwales and look below.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** lively Ahti · **What happens:** cry, lean, look · **To what, where:** Minstrel · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Kantele. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lively Ahti), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:34:12
# text = “O thou lively Ahti,” then cried the Minstrel, “lean far over the gunwales and look below.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	O	o	INTJ	UH	_	4	discourse	_	_
3	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	4	nsubj	_	_
4	lively	lively	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	Ahti	Ahti	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
8	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	9	advmod	_	_
9	cried	cry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	Minstrel	Minstrel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	lean	lean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	conj	_	_
15	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	14	advmod	_	_
16	over	over	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	gunwales	gunwale	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obl	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	look	look	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	conj	_	_
21	below	below	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cry** *speech: express* | past | lively Ahti | the Minstrel |  |  | then |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent minstrel=Topic |
| 2 | **lean** *in a quote* | infinitive | lively Ahti *not said here* |  |  |  |  | far *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **look** *in a quote* | infinitive | lively Ahti *not said here* |  |  |  |  | below *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [sentence 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/34/11/)
- next →: [sentence 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/34/13/)
- ↑ back to [The Kantele](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/34/)