---
title: The monstrous body sank to the bottom; but the Minstrel dragged the… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: The monstrous body sank to the bottom; but the Minstrel dragged the head up to the surface, and with Ahti’s help he hoisted the mighty jaws into the vessel. Who acts: monstrous body, Minstrel, body, Ahti. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Kantele, with i
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Kantele, sentence 43

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The monstrous body sank to the bottom; but the Minstrel dragged the head up to the surface, and with Ahti’s help he hoisted the mighty jaws into the vessel.

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**Who acts:** monstrous body, Minstrel, body, Ahti · **What happens:** sink, drag up, hoist, help · **To what, where:** head, surface, mighty jaws, vessel

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Kantele. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (monstrous body, Minstrel, body, Ahti), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:34:43
# text = The monstrous body sank to the bottom; but the Minstrel dragged the head up to the surface, and with Ahti’s help he hoisted the mighty jaws into the vessel.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	monstrous	monstrous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	sank	sink	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	bottom	bottom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
9	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	Minstrel	Minstrel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	dragged	drag	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
15	up	up	ADP	RP	_	12	compound:prt	_	_
16	to	to	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	surface	surface	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
21	with	with	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
22	Ahti	Ahti	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	’s	's	PART	POS	_	22	case	_	_
24	help	help	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	_
25	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
26	hoisted	hoist	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
28	mighty	mighty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	jaws	jaw	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	obj	_	_
30	into	into	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	vessel	vessel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sink** | past | the monstrous body |  |  |  |  | to the bottom | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **drag up** | past | the Minstrel | the head |  | the surface |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent head=Theme to surface=Destination |
| 3 | **hoist** | past | body | the mighty jaws |  | the vessel |  | with Ahti's help | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent jaw=Theme into vessel=Destination |
| 4 | **help** |  | Ahti |  |  |  |  |  | nom help «act transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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