---
title: The raven heard him and flew down, snapping with his sharp beak and… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: The raven heard him and flew down, snapping with his sharp beak and trying to gather up the tears. Who acts: raven. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Triumph of Music, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Triumph of Music, sentence 103

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The raven heard him and flew down, snapping with his sharp beak and trying to gather up the tears.

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**Who acts:** raven · **What happens:** hear, fly down, snap, try, gather up · **To what, where:** Wainamoinen, tears

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Triumph of Music. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (raven), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:35:103
# text = The raven heard him and flew down, snapping with his sharp beak and trying to gather up the tears.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	raven	raven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	flew	fly	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
7	down	down	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	snapping	snap	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	advcl	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
12	sharp	sharp	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	beak	beak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	trying	try	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	9	conj	_	_
16	to	to	PART	TO	_	17	mark	_	_
17	gather	gather	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	xcomp	_	_
18	up	up	ADP	RP	_	17	compound:prt	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	tears	tear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | past | the raven | Wainamoinen |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus |
| 2 | **fly down** | past | the raven *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **snap** | gerund | the raven *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with Wainamoinen's sharp beak | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with beak=Theme |
| 4 | **try** | gerund | the raven *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn try-61.1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 5 | **gather up** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the raven *not said here* | the tears |  |  |  |  | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tear=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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