---
title: Sparrows and wrens and all the tiny birds of the fields and woods as… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: Sparrows and wrens and all the tiny birds of the fields and woods assembled by thousands; they perched on the Minstrel’s head and shoulders, they filled the branches of the trees, they hovered in the air, forgetful of everything save the sweet notes that issued from the kantele. Who acts: Sparrows, 
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Triumph of Music, sentence 79

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Sparrows and wrens and all the tiny birds of the fields and woods assembled by thousands; they perched on the Minstrel’s head and shoulders, they filled the branches of the trees, they hovered in the air, forgetful of everything save the sweet notes that issued from the kantele.

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**Who acts:** Sparrows, birds, forgetful, sweet notes · **What happens:** assemble, perch, fill, hover, save, issue · **To what, where:** fields, head, branches, air, sweet notes, kantele

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Triumph of Music. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sparrows, birds, forgetful, sweet notes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:35:79
# text = Sparrows and wrens and all the tiny birds of the fields and woods assembled by thousands; they perched on the Minstrel’s head and shoulders, they filled the branches of the trees, they hovered in the air, forgetful of everything save the sweet notes that issued from the kantele.
1	Sparrows	sparrow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	wrens	wren	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
5	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	8	det:predet	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	fields	field	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nmod	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	woods	wood	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	conj	_	_
14	assembled	assemble	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	acl	_	_
15	by	by	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	thousands	thousand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
19	perched	perch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
20	on	on	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	Minstrel	Minstrel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	’s	's	PART	POS	_	22	case	_	_
24	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
26	shoulders	shoulder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
28	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	29	nsubj	_	_
29	filled	fill	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	conj	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	branches	branch	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	obj	_	_
32	of	of	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
36	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	37	nsubj	_	_
37	hovered	hover	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	conj	_	_
38	in	in	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
39	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
40	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	45	punct	_	_
42	forgetful	forgetful	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	45	nsubj	_	_
43	of	of	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
44	everything	everything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	42	nmod	_	_
45	save	save	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	37	parataxis	_	_
46	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	48	det	_	_
47	sweet	sweet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	48	amod	_	_
48	notes	note	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	45	obj	_	_
49	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	50	nsubj	_	_
50	issued	issue	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	48	acl:relcl	_	_
51	from	from	ADP	IN	_	53	case	_	_
52	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	53	det	_	_
53	kantele	kantele	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	50	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
54	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	19	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **assemble** | participle |  | the fields and woods *not said here* |  |  |  | by thousands | vn herd-47.5.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **perch** | past | Sparrows and wrens and all tiny birds of the fields and woods |  |  | the Minstrel's head and shoulders |  | birds *= bird* *nsubj* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on head=Location |
| 3 | **fill** | past | birds *= bird* | the branches of the trees |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent branch=Patient |
| 4 | **hover** | past | birds *= bird* |  |  | the air |  |  | vn modes\_of\_being\_with\_motion-47.3 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in air=Location |
| 5 | **save** | present | forgetful of everything | the sweet notes |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent note=Theme |
| 6 | **issue** | past | the sweet notes |  |  | the kantele |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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