---
title: Where once were sandy barrens and wind-swept hills she saw fruitful… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: Where once were sandy barrens and wind-swept hills she saw fruitful orchards and blooming gardens. Who acts: sandy barrens. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Triumph of Music, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Triumph of Music, sentence 8

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Where once were sandy barrens and wind-swept hills she saw fruitful orchards and blooming gardens.

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**Who acts:** sandy barrens · **What happens:** be, sweep, see, bloom · **To what, where:** sandy barrens, fruitful orchards

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Triumph of Music. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sandy barrens), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:35:8
# text = Where once were sandy barrens and wind-swept hills she saw fruitful orchards and blooming gardens.
1	Where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	12	advmod	_	_
2	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	5	advmod	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	sandy	sandy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	barrens	barren	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
7	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	swept	sweep	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	amod	_	_
10	hills	hill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	_
11	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
13	fruitful	fruitful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	orchards	orchard	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
16	blooming	bloom	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	17	amod	_	_
17	gardens	garden	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past |  | sandy barrens and swept hills |  |  |  | swept hills *conj*; once *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **sweep** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | wind *compound* | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **see** | past | sandy barrens and swept hills | fruitful orchards and blooming gardens |  |  |  | Dame *nsubj* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer orchard=Stimulus |
| 4 | **bloom** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn entity\_specific\_modes\_being-47.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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