---
title: He raised his hands high above his head and called upon all the powe… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: He raised his hands high above his head and called upon all the powers of air and sky and sea to befriend the heroes in their dire distress. Who acts: Wind, hands. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Flight, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of e
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Flight, sentence 141

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He raised his hands high above his head and called upon all the powers of air and sky and sea to befriend the heroes in their dire distress.

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**Who acts:** Wind, hands · **What happens:** raise, call, befriend, distress · **To what, where:** head, heroes, dire distress · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Flight. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Wind, hands), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:36:141
# text = He raised his hands high above his head and called upon all the powers of air and sky and sea to befriend the heroes in their dire distress.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	raised	raise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	ccomp	_	_
6	above	above	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	conj	_	_
11	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	14	det:predet	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	powers	power	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	sky	sky	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	_
21	to	to	PART	TO	_	22	mark	_	_
22	befriend	befriend	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	advcl	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	heroes	hero	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obj	_	_
25	in	in	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
26	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	28	nmod:poss	_	_
27	dire	dire	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
28	distress	distress	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **raise** | past | Wind |  |  | Wind's head |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent above head=Destination |
| 2 | **call** | participle | Wind *not said here* |  |  |  |  | upon all powers of air and sky and sea | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **befriend** | to-infinitive | Wind *not said here* | the heroes |  | hands's dire distress |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **distress** |  | hands *= hand* |  |  |  |  |  | nom distress «feeling transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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