---
title: “Be cautious, be brave,” he whispered, “and soon we shall win the Sa… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: “Be cautious, be brave,” he whispered, “and soon we shall win the Sampo. Who acts: you, Minstrel, we. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Flight, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Flight, sentence 3

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“Be cautious, be brave,” he whispered, “and soon we shall win the Sampo.

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**Who acts:** you, Minstrel, we · **What happens:** be, whisper, win · **To what, where:** Sampo · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Flight. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, Minstrel, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:36:3
# text = “Be cautious, be brave,” he whispered, “and soon we shall win the Sampo.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	cop	_	_
3	cautious	cautious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	cop	_	_
6	brave	brave	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
9	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	whispered	whisper	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
12	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
14	soon	soon	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	17	advmod	_	_
15	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
16	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
17	win	win	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	parataxis	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	Sampo	Sampo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** *in a quote* | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | cautious *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** *in a quote* | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | brave *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **whisper** *speech: assert* | past | Minstrel |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **win** *in a quote* | shall | we | the Sampo |  |  |  | soon *property* | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sampo=Eventuality |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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