---
title: Silently, without rustling a leaf or snapping a twig, they bore it a… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: Silently, without rustling a leaf or snapping a twig, they bore it across the fields and the meadows and placed it on board of their waiting vessel. Who acts: Ilmarinen. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Flight, with its dependency tree and the pragmatic
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Flight, sentence 40

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Silently, without rustling a leaf or snapping a twig, they bore it across the fields and the meadows and placed it on board of their waiting vessel.

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**Who acts:** Ilmarinen · **What happens:** rustle, snap, bear, place, wait · **To what, where:** leaf, twig, fields, board

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Flight. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ilmarinen), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:36:40
# text = Silently, without rustling a leaf or snapping a twig, they bore it across the fields and the meadows and placed it on board of their waiting vessel.
1	Silently	silently	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	without	without	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
4	rustling	rustle	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	13	advcl	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	leaf	leaf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	snapping	snap	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	conj	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	twig	twig	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
12	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	bore	bear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
14	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obj	_	_
15	across	across	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	fields	field	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	meadows	meadow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	conj	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	placed	place	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
23	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	obj	_	_
24	on	on	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	board	board	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
27	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	29	nmod:poss	_	_
28	waiting	wait	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	29	amod	_	_
29	vessel	vessel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rustle** | gerund | Ilmarinen *not said here* | a leaf |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location leaf=Theme |
| 2 | **snap** | gerund | Ilmarinen *not said here* | a twig |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location twig=Theme |
| 3 | **bear** | past | Ilmarinen | twig |  | the fields and the meadows |  | silently *property* | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient |
| 4 | **place** | past | Ilmarinen *not said here* | twig |  | board of Ilmarinen's waiting vessel |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme on board=Destination |
| 5 | **wait** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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