---
title: So the rowers rowed in silence, and the steersman steered and spoke… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: So the rowers rowed in silence, and the steersman steered and spoke not, and the hearts of all were hopeful. Who acts: rowers, steersman, hearts. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Flight, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Flight, sentence 67

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So the rowers rowed in silence, and the steersman steered and spoke not, and the hearts of all were hopeful.

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**Who acts:** rowers, steersman, hearts · **What happens:** row, steer, not speak, be · **To what, where:** silence · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Flight. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (rowers, steersman, hearts), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:36:67
# text = So the rowers rowed in silence, and the steersman steered and spoke not, and the hearts of all were hopeful.
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	rowers	rower	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	rowed	row	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	silence	silence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	steersman	steersman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
11	steered	steer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	conj	_	_
14	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	13	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	hearts	heart	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	nsubj	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	18	nmod	_	_
21	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	cop	_	_
22	hopeful	hopeful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **row** | past | the rowers |  |  | silence |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **steer** | past | the steersman |  |  |  |  |  | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **not** **speak** *speech: other* | past | the steersman *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is** | past | the hearts of all |  |  |  |  | hopeful *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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