---
title: He breathed in the air, and chilling mists hovered over the hills an… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: He breathed in the air, and chilling mists hovered over the hills and descended upon the fields and gardens. Who acts: spirit, chilling mists. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Pursuit, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Pursuit, sentence 5

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He breathed in the air, and chilling mists hovered over the hills and descended upon the fields and gardens.

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**Who acts:** spirit, chilling mists · **What happens:** breathe, chill, hover, descend · **To what, where:** air, hills

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Pursuit. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (spirit, chilling mists), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:37:5
# text = He breathed in the air, and chilling mists hovered over the hills and descended upon the fields and gardens.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	breathed	breathe	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	chilling	chill	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	9	amod	_	_
9	mists	mist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
10	hovered	hover	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
11	over	over	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	hills	hill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	descended	descend	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	conj	_	_
16	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	fields	field	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obl	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	gardens	garden	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **breathe** | past | spirit |  |  | the air |  |  | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **chill** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **hover** | past | chilling mists |  |  | the hills |  |  | vn modes\_of\_being\_with\_motion-47.3 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over hill=Location |
| 4 | **descend** | participle | chilling mists *not said here* |  |  |  |  | upon the fields and gardens | vn meander-47.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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