---
title: Bravely, too, did the ever-ready Ahti struggle to defend the Sampo,… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: Bravely, too, did the ever-ready Ahti struggle to defend the Sampo, wielding his long arms valorously, until his strength failing he also was hurled into the hungry deep. Who acts: strength. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Fate of the Sampo, with its d
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Fate of the Sampo, sentence 73

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Bravely, too, did the ever-ready Ahti struggle to defend the Sampo, wielding his long arms valorously, until his strength failing he also was hurled into the hungry deep.

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**Who acts:** strength · **What happens:** do, defend, wield, fail, hurl · **To what, where:** ready Ahti struggle, Sampo, long arms, struggle, hungry deep

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Fate of the Sampo. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (strength), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:38:73
# text = Bravely, too, did the ever-ready Ahti struggle to defend the Sampo, wielding his long arms valorously, until his strength failing he also was hurled into the hungry deep.
1	Bravely	bravely	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	too	too	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
7	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	ready	ready	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
10	Ahti	Ahti	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	struggle	struggle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	defend	defend	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	acl	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	Sampo	Sampo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	wielding	wield	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	advcl	_	_
18	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
19	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	arms	arm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obj	_	_
21	valorously	valorously	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
23	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	26	mark	_	_
24	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	25	nmod:poss	_	_
25	strength	strength	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nsubj	_	_
26	failing	fail	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	17	conj	_	_
27	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	30	nsubj	_	_
28	also	also	ADV	RB	_	30	advmod	_	_
29	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	30	aux:pass	_	_
30	hurled	hurl	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	26	ccomp	_	_
31	into	into	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
33	hungry	hungry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	34	amod	_	_
34	deep	deep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | past |  | the ready Ahti struggle |  |  |  | bravely *property* | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent struggle=Eventuality |
| 2 | **defend** | to-infinitive |  | the ready Ahti struggle *not said here* | the Sampo |  |  |  | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sampo=Beneficiary |
| 3 | **wield** | gerund |  | struggle's long arms |  |  |  | valorously *property* | vn hold-15.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent arm=Theme |
| 4 | **fail** | gerund | struggle's strength |  |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 5 | **hurl** | past · passive |  | struggle |  | the hungry deep |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: subject=Theme into deep=Destination |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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