---
title: And Wainamoinen, immovable as the lofty headland of his own sweet co… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: And Wainamoinen, immovable as the lofty headland of his own sweet country, stood steadfast at his post, directing and cheering his comrades and overwhelming with terror the foes who dared approach him. Who acts: Wainamoinen, foes. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Ba
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Fate of the Sampo, sentence 74

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And Wainamoinen, immovable as the lofty headland of his own sweet country, stood steadfast at his post, directing and cheering his comrades and overwhelming with terror the foes who dared approach him.

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**Who acts:** Wainamoinen, foes · **What happens:** stand, direct, cheer, dare, approach · **To what, where:** post, comrades, Wainamoinen

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Fate of the Sampo. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Wainamoinen, foes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:38:74
# text = And Wainamoinen, immovable as the lofty headland of his own sweet country, stood steadfast at his post, directing and cheering his comrades and overwhelming with terror the foes who dared approach him.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
2	Wainamoinen	Wainamoinen	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	immovable	immovable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
5	as	as	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	lofty	lofty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	headland	headland	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
10	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
11	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
12	sweet	sweet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
15	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
16	steadfast	steadfast	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
17	at	at	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	post	post	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
21	directing	direct	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	15	advcl	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	cheering	cheer	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	21	conj	_	_
24	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	25	nmod:poss	_	_
25	comrades	comrade	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	obj	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
27	overwhelming	overwhelming	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	conj	_	_
28	with	with	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	terror	terror	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	obl	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	foes	foe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	34	nsubj	_	_
32	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	33	nsubj	_	_
33	dared	dare	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	31	acl:relcl	_	_
34	approach	approach	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	conj	_	_
35	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	34	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand** | past | Wainamoinen |  |  | Wainamoinen's post |  | steadfast *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent at post=Location |
| 2 | **direct** | gerund | Wainamoinen *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn performance-26.7 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **cheer** | gerund | Wainamoinen *not said here* | Wainamoinen's comrades |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus comrade=Experiencer |
| 4 | **dare** | past | the foes |  |  |  |  |  | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **approach** | present | the foes | Wainamoinen |  |  |  | with terror | vn confront-98 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent he=Theme with terror=Instrument |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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