---
title: He heard the hornet humming and laughing under the eaves. — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: He heard the hornet humming and laughing under the eaves. Who acts: Smith. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Wicked Hornet, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Wicked Hornet, sentence 102

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He heard the hornet humming and laughing under the eaves.

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**Who acts:** Smith · **What happens:** hear, hum, laugh · **To what, where:** hornet, eaves

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Wicked Hornet. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Smith), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:5:102
# text = He heard the hornet humming and laughing under the eaves.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	hornet	hornet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	humming	hum	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	laughing	laugh	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	conj	_	_
8	under	under	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	eaves	eave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | past | Smith | the hornet |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer hornet=Stimulus |
| 2 | **hum** | gerund | Smith *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn bulge-47.5.3 «NP V»: agent=Location |
| 3 | **laugh** | gerund | Smith *not said here* |  |  | the eaves |  |  | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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