---
title: For without tools man will not be able to plough, to reap, or to bui… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: For without tools man will not be able to plough, to reap, or to build; and without weapons he cannot defend himself against the savage beasts of the forest.” Who acts: man, youngest. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Wicked Hornet, with its dependency t
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Wicked Hornet, sentence 12

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For without tools man will not be able to plough, to reap, or to build; and without weapons he cannot defend himself against the savage beasts of the forest.”

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**Who acts:** man, youngest · **What happens:** not be, plough, reap, build, not defend · **To what, where:** youngest

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Wicked Hornet. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man, youngest), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:5:12
# text = For without tools man will not be able to plough, to reap, or to build; and without weapons he cannot defend himself against the savage beasts of the forest.”
1	For	for	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	without	without	ADP	IN	_	1	fixed	_	_
3	tools	tool	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
4	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
5	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
6	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
7	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	cop	_	_
8	able	able	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	plough	plough	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	reap	reap	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
16	to	to	PART	TO	_	17	mark	_	_
17	build	build	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
20	without	without	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	weapons	weapon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	obl	_	_
22	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
23	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	25	advmod	_	_
25	defend	defend	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	conj	_	_
26	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	25	obj	_	_
27	against	against	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
29	savage	savage	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	amod	_	_
30	beasts	beast	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	obl	_	_
31	of	of	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	forest	forest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is** | future | man |  |  |  |  | for tools; able *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **plough** | to-infinitive | man *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_instr-10.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **reap** | to-infinitive | man *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **build** | to-infinitive | man *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 5 | **not** **defend** | can | youngest *= young* | youngest *= young* |  |  |  | without weapons; against the savage beasts of the forest | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent himself=Beneficiary against beast=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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