---
title: He ran on, hiding in clefts and chasms, creeping under rocks, and lu… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: He ran on, hiding in clefts and chasms, creeping under rocks, and lurking in the dry beds of mountain torrents. Who acts: Water. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Wicked Hornet, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Wicked Hornet, sentence 27

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He ran on, hiding in clefts and chasms, creeping under rocks, and lurking in the dry beds of mountain torrents.

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**Who acts:** Water · **What happens:** run on, hide, creep, lurk · **To what, where:** clefts, rocks, dry beds

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Wicked Hornet. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Water), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:5:27
# text = He ran on, hiding in clefts and chasms, creeping under rocks, and lurking in the dry beds of mountain torrents.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	hiding	hide	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	clefts	cleft	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	chasms	chasm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	creeping	creep	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	conj	_	_
12	under	under	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	rocks	rock	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	lurking	lurk	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	dry	dry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	beds	bed	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obl	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	mountain	mountain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	compound	_	_
23	torrents	torrent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run on** | past | Water |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **hide** | gerund | Water *not said here* |  |  | clefts and chasms |  |  | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in cleft=Location |
| 3 | **creep** | gerund | Water *not said here* |  |  | rocks |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme under rock=Trajectory |
| 4 | **lurk** | gerund | Water *not said here* |  |  | the dry beds of mountain torrents |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in bed=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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