---
title: They sent the refreshing rain, the silent dew, and the nipping frost… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: They sent the refreshing rain, the silent dew, and the nipping frost, each in its season. Who acts: maidens. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Wicked Hornet, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Wicked Hornet, sentence 7

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They sent the refreshing rain, the silent dew, and the nipping frost, each in its season.

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**Who acts:** maidens · **What happens:** send, refresh, nip · **To what, where:** refreshing rain

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Wicked Hornet. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (maidens), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:5:7
# text = They sent the refreshing rain, the silent dew, and the nipping frost, each in its season.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	refreshing	refresh	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	silent	silent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	dew	dew	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	nipping	nip	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	14	amod	_	_
14	frost	frost	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	14	nmod	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	season	season	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send** | past | maidens *= maiden* | the refreshing rain and the silent dew |  |  |  | the nipping frost  each in frost's season *obl* | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rain=Theme |
| 2 | **refresh** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **nip** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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