---
title: Then, in spite of Iron’s piteous cries, he kept on pounding and twis… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: Then, in spite of Iron’s piteous cries, he kept on pounding and twisting and turning and shaping the helpless metal until at length it was changed into many forms of use and beauty—rings, chains, axes, knives, cups, and curious tools. Who acts: Smith, Iron. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Wicked Hornet, sentence 78

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then, in spite of Iron’s piteous cries, he kept on pounding and twisting and turning and shaping the helpless metal until at length it was changed into many forms of use and beauty—rings, chains, axes, knives, cups, and curious tools.

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**Who acts:** Smith, Iron · **What happens:** keep, pound, twist, turn, shape, change · **To what, where:** curious tools, spite, helpless metal, metal, length, piteous cries

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Wicked Hornet. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Smith, Iron), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:5:78
# text = Then, in spite of Iron’s piteous cries, he kept on pounding and twisting and turning and shaping the helpless metal until at length it was changed into many forms of use and beauty—rings, chains, axes, knives, cups, and curious tools.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	12	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	spite	spite	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	Iron	Iron	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	’s	's	PART	POS	_	6	case	_	_
8	piteous	piteous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	cries	cry	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
11	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	kept	keep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
13	on	on	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
14	pounding	pound	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	advcl	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	twisting	twist	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	14	conj	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	turning	turn	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	14	conj	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	shaping	shape	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	14	conj	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	helpless	helpless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	metal	metal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	_
24	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	29	mark	_	_
25	at	at	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	length	length	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obl	_	_
27	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	29	nsubj	_	_
28	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	29	aux:pass	_	_
29	changed	change	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	20	advcl	_	_
30	into	into	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	amod	_	_
32	forms	form	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	obl	_	_
33	of	of	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
34	use	use	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	nmod	_	_
35	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	36	cc	_	_
36	beauty	beauty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	38	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	rings	ring	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	40	punct	_	_
40	chains	chain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	38	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	42	punct	_	_
42	axes	ax	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	38	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
43	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	44	punct	_	_
44	knives	knife	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	38	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
45	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	46	punct	_	_
46	cups	cup	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	38	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
47	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	50	punct	_	_
48	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	50	cc	_	_
49	curious	curious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	50	amod	_	_
50	tools	tool	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
51	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | past | Smith | curious tools |  | spite of Iron's piteous cries | then |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in spite=Location |
| 2 | **pound** | gerund | Smith *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn tingle-40.8.2 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **twist** | gerund | Smith *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **turn** | gerund | Smith *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **shape** | gerund | Smith *not said here* | the helpless metal |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset metal=Product |
| 6 | **change** | past · passive |  | metal |  | length |  | into many forms of use and beauty and rings and chains and axes and knives and cups *result* | vn turn-26.6.1-1 «NP V NP.patient PP.result»: subject=Patient into form=Result |
| 7 | **spite** |  |  | Iron's piteous cries |  |  |  |  | nom spite «feeling transitive»: of=patient |
| 8 | **cry** |  | Iron |  |  |  |  |  | nom cry «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |
| 9 | **form** |  |  | use and beauty |  |  |  |  | nom form «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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